Dry needling is a procedure where filiform needles are tapped through the skin to the target tissue to bring about a therapeutic effect. No medicine is delivered, thus it is called “dry”, compared to injections, which are “wet”. Other names…
Axial neck pain—also called uncomplicated neck pain, whiplash, neck strain, or cervical strain—refers to pain along the posterior (back of the) neck. By definition, axial neck pain is pain that remains localized to the neck and immediate surrounding structures and…
Trigger points (TrP) are hyperirritable spots, palpable nodules in the taut bands of the skeletal muscle fascia. Direct compression or muscle contraction can elicit a jump sign, local tenderness, and local twitch response. response and referred pain which usually responds…
Bertolotti syndrome, named after the Italian physician Mario Bertolotti who first described it in 1917, arises from a congenital anomaly known as lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV). This condition, often overlooked, can lead to significant back pain, typically emerging in one’s late twenties to…
Coccygodynia, also known as coccydynia or coccalgia, refers to the experience of pain localized in the coccyx region. Typically, this pain is exacerbated when sitting or transitioning from sitting to standing. While many cases resolve within several weeks to months,…
The Quadratus Lumborum Syndrome is the deepest muscle of the lumbar region, extending from the pelvis to the last rib. It contracts during activities like sitting, walking, and standing, making it susceptible to pain. Pain is often caused by overuse…
Maigne’s syndrome is a low back disorder that affects the area of the spine that connects the lumbar and thoracic regions (the thoracolumbar junction). Named after the French doctor, Robert Maigne, who first identified the disorder. The condition is also…
The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale describes a person’s functional impairment as a result of a SCI. This scale indicates how much sensation a person feels after light touch and a pinprick at multiple points on the body…
A medical condition affecting the lumbar spine, PLID (Prolapsed Lumbar Intervertebral Disc) occurs when a tear in the outer fibrous ring (annulus fibrosus) of an intervertebral disc allows the soft, central portion (nucleus pulposus) to bulge out beyond the damaged…
Ischial bursitis, also known as Ischiogluteal bursitis, Weaver’s bottom, or Tailor’s bottom is a rare and infrequently recognized bursitis of the buttock region. It’s one of the four types of hip bursitis. The bursitis is mainly due to chronic and…
