Description Endoscopic spine surgery is an advanced form of ultra–minimally invasive spinal surgery performed through a very small skin incision using a high-definition endoscope, specialized instruments, and continuous saline irrigation for clear visualization. Unlike conventional open or microscopic spine surgery,…
Introduction High-heeled footwear alters normal body alignment and gait mechanics. While often associated with fashion and confidence, prolonged or improper use can significantly affect the spine, pelvis, and lower-limb biomechanics, leading to both short- and long-term musculoskeletal problems. …
Pregnancy places unique physiological and biomechanical demands on the spine. As the body adapts to support a growing fetus, predictable changes occur in posture, muscle function, hormonal balance, and load distribution. Understanding these changes helps prevent pain and supports long-term…
Introduction Sleep is meant to restore the body, yet many individuals wake up with neck pain, stiffness, or headaches. While cervical spine problems are often linked to poor posture, prolonged screen use, or stress, one commonly overlooked factor is the…
Introduction The lumbar spine is a critical structure responsible for maintaining posture, facilitating movement, and bearing mechanical loads during daily activities. One frequently overlooked factor in spinal health is toileting posture. Two major types of toilets are used worldwide: traditional…
Many people think of sunlight as something that simply brightens the day — but for your spine, morning sunlight acts almost like a daily nutrient. The gentle rays that reach you in the early hours play a powerful role in…
Introduction The thoracic spine forms the structural foundation of the rib cage and plays a crucial role in respiratory mechanics. Although breathing is often viewed as an automatic function driven by the diaphragm, the mobility of the thoracic spine significantly…
Early diagnosis plays a vital role in determining the success of spinal surgery. Many spine-related conditions—such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, scoliosis, and degenerative disc disease—progress gradually. When these issues are detected at an early stage, patients not only experience…
Chronic low back pain is one of the most common conditions encountered in physiotherapy practice. While exercise therapy, posture correction, and manual techniques remain the mainstay of treatment, lifestyle-related factors are increasingly recognized as important contributors to pain persistence and…
Back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems worldwide, and people often look for simple, low-cost ways to relieve it. Among all options, walking stands out as one of the easiest forms of physical activity. But is walking…
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